✏️
leetcode solution
  • Leetcode Solutions
  • LeetCode 1. Two Sum
  • LeetCode 2. Add Two Numbers
  • LeetCode 3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters
  • LeetCode 4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays
  • LeetCode 5. Longest Palindromic Substring
  • LeetCode 6. ZigZag Conversion
  • LeetCode 7. Reverse Integer
  • LeetCode 8. String to Integer (atoi)
  • LeetCode 9. Palindrome Number
  • LeetCode 10. Regular Expression Matching
  • LeetCode 11. Container With Most Water
  • LeetCode 12. Integer to Roman
  • LeetCode 13. Roman to Integer
  • LeetCode 14. Longest Common Prefix
  • LeetCode 15. 3Sum
  • LeetCode 16. 3Sum Closest
  • LeetCode 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number
  • LeetCode 18. 4Sum
  • LeetCode 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List
  • LeetCode 20. Valid Parentheses
  • LeetCode 21. Merge Two Sorted Lists
  • LeetCode 22. Generate Parentheses
  • LeetCode 23. Merge k Sorted Lists
  • LeetCode 24. Swap Nodes in Pairs
  • LeetCode 25. Reverse Nodes in k-Group
  • LeetCode 26. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array
  • LeetCode 27. Remove Element
  • LeetCode 28. Implement strStr()
  • LeetCode 29. Divide Two Integers
  • LeetCode 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words
  • LeetCode 31. Next Permutation
  • LeetCode 32. Longest Valid Parentheses
  • LeetCode 33. Search in Rotated Sorted Array
  • LeetCode 42. Trapping Rain Water
  • LeetCode 56. Merge Intervals
  • LeetCode 67. Add Binary
  • LeetCode 81. Search in Rotated Sorted Array II
  • LeetCode 124. Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum
  • LeetCode 125. Valid Palindrome
  • LeetCode 153. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array
  • LeetCode 154. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array II
  • LeetCode 157. Read N Characters Given Read4
  • LeetCode 158. Read N Characters Given Read4 II - Call multiple times
  • LeetCode 236. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree
  • LeetCode 238. Product of Array Except Self
  • LeetCode 269. Alien Dictionary
  • Leetcode 295. Find Median from Data Stream
  • Leetcode 297. Serialize and Deserialize Binary Tree
  • LeetCode 300. Longest Increasing Subsequence
  • LeetCode 301. Remove Invalid Parentheses
  • LeetCode 336. Palindrome Pairs
  • LeetCode 407. Trapping Rain Water II
  • LeetCode 415. Add Strings
  • LeetCode 426. Convert Binary Search Tree to Sorted Doubly Linked List
  • LeetCode 489. Robot Room Cleaner
  • LeetCode 560. Subarray Sum Equals K
  • LeetCode 680. Valid Palindrome II
  • LeetCode 710. Random Pick with Blacklist
  • LeetCode 721. Accounts Merge
  • LeetCode 863. All Nodes Distance K in Binary Tree
  • LeetCode 918. Maximum Sum Circular Subarray
  • LeetCode 953. Verifying an Alien Dictionary
  • LeetCode 973. K Closest Points to Origin
  • LeetCode 1249. Minimum Remove to Make Valid Parentheses
  • LeetCode 1428. Leftmost Column with at Least a One
  • LeetCode 1570. Dot Product of Two Sparse Vectors
  • LeetCode 1644. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree II
  • LeetCode 1650. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree III
  • LeetCode 1676. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree IV
  • Leetcode 1727. Largest Submatrix With Rearrangements
  • LeetCode 1751. Maximum Number of Events That Can Be Attended II
  • LeetCode 1754. Largest Merge Of Two Strings
  • LeetCode 1755. Closest Subsequence Sum
  • LeetCode 1760. Minimum Limit of Balls in a Bag
  • LeetCode 1761. Minimum Degree of a Connected Trio in a Graph
  • LeetCode 1764. Form Array by Concatenating Subarrays of Another Array
  • LeetCode 1765. Map of Highest Peak
  • LeetCode 1766. Tree of Coprimes
  • LeetCode 1770. Maximum Score from Performing Multiplication Operations
  • LeetCode 1771. Maximize Palindrome Length From Subsequences
  • LeetCode 1774. Closest Dessert Cost
  • LeetCode. 1775 Equal Sum Arrays With Minimum Number of Operations
  • LeetCode 1776. Car Fleet II
  • LeetCode 1778. Shortest Path in a Hidden Grid
  • LeetCode 1779. Find Nearest Point That Has the Same X or Y Coordinate
  • LeetCode 1780. Check if Number is a Sum of Powers of Three
  • LeetCode 1781. Sum of Beauty of All Substrings
  • LeetCode 1782. Count Pairs Of Nodes
  • LeetCode 1784. Check if Binary String Has at Most One Segment of Ones
  • LeetCode 1785. Minimum Elements to Add to Form a Given Sum
  • LeetCode 1786. Number of Restricted Paths From First to Last Node
  • LeetCode 1787. Make the XOR of All Segments Equal to Zero
  • LeetCode 1788. Maximize the Beauty of the Garden
  • LeetCode 1790. Check if One String Swap Can Make Strings Equal
  • LeetCode 1791. Find Center of Star Graph
  • LeetCode 1792. Maximum Average Pass Ratio
  • LeetCode 1793. Maximum Score of a Good Subarray
  • LeetCode 1794. Count Pairs of Equal Substrings With Minimum Difference
  • LeetCode 1796. Second Largest Digit in a String
  • LeetCode 1797. Design Authentication Manager
  • LeetCode 1798. Maximum Number of Consecutive Values You Can Make
  • LeetCode 1799. Maximize Score After N Operations
  • LeetCode 1800. Maximum Ascending Subarray Sum
  • LeetCode 1801. Number of Orders in the Backlog
  • LeetCode 1802. Maximum Value at a Given Index in a Bounded Array
  • LeetCode 1803. Count Pairs With XOR in a Range
  • LeetCode 1804. Implement Trie II (Prefix Tree)
  • LeetCode 1805. Number of Different Integers in a String
  • LeetCode 1807. Evaluate the Bracket Pairs of a String
  • LeetCode 1808. Maximize Number of Nice Divisors
  • LeetCode 1810. Minimum Path Cost in a Hidden Grid
  • LeetCode 1812. Determine Color of a Chessboard Square
  • LeetCode 1813. Sentence Similarity III
  • LeetCode 1814. Count Nice Pairs in an Array
  • LeetCode 1815. Maximum Number of Groups Getting Fresh Donuts
  • LeetCode 1816. Truncate Sentence
  • LeetCode 1817. Finding the Users Active Minutes
  • LeetCode 1818. Minimum Absolute Sum Difference
  • LeetCode 1819. Number of Different Subsequences GCDs
  • LeetCode 1820. Maximum Number of Accepted Invitations
  • LeetCode 1822. Sign of the Product of an Array
  • LeetCode 1824. Minimum Sideway Jumps
  • LeetCode 1825. Finding MK Average
  • LeetCode 1826. Faulty Sensor
  • LeetCode 1827. Minimum Operations to Make the Array Increasing
  • LeetCode 1828. Queries on Number of Points Inside a Circle
  • LeetCode 1829. Maximum XOR for Each Query
  • LeetCode 1830. Minimum Number of Operations to Make String Sorted
  • LeetCode 1832. Check if the Sentence Is Pangram
  • LeetCode 1833. Maximum Ice Cream Bars
  • LeetCode 1834. Single-Threaded CPU
  • LeetCode 1835. Find XOR Sum of All Pairs Bitwise AND
  • LeetCode 1836. Remove Duplicates From an Unsorted Linked List
  • LeetCode 1837. Sum of Digits in Base K
  • LeetCode 1839. Longest Substring Of All Vowels in Order
  • LeetCode 1840. Maximum Building Height
  • LeetCode 1847. Closest Room
  • LeetCode 1850. Minimum Adjacent Swaps to Reach the Kth Smallest Number
  • LeetCode 1851. Minimum Interval to Include Each Query
Powered by GitBook
On this page
  • Solution:
  • Solution 1:
  • Solution 2:

Was this helpful?

Leetcode 297. Serialize and Deserialize Binary Tree

Binary Tree Serialization and Deserialization

PreviousLeetcode 295. Find Median from Data StreamNextLeetCode 300. Longest Increasing Subsequence

Last updated 4 years ago

Was this helpful?

Serialization is the process of converting a data structure or object into a sequence of bits so that it can be stored in a file or memory buffer, or transmitted across a network connection link to be reconstructed later in the same or another computer environment.

Design an algorithm to serialize and deserialize a binary tree. There is no restriction on how your serialization/deserialization algorithm should work. You just need to ensure that a binary tree can be serialized to a string and this string can be deserialized to the original tree structure.

Clarification: The input/output format is the same as . You do not necessarily need to follow this format, so please be creative and come up with different approaches yourself.

Example 1:

Input: root = [1,2,3,null,null,4,5]
Output: [1,2,3,null,null,4,5]

Example 2:

Input: root = []
Output: []

Example 3:

Input: root = [1]
Output: [1]

Example 4:

Input: root = [1,2]
Output: [1,2]

Constraints:

  • The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0, 104].

  • -1000 <= Node.val <= 1000

Solution:

Solution 1:

  • Use to_string to convert integer to a string.

  • Use space to separate each node.

  • Write a '#' for nullptr node.

class Codec {
    
    void readNext(stringstream& ss, int& val, bool &isnumber) {
        string str;
        ss >> str;
        if(str[0] == '#') {
            isnumber = false;
        } else {
            val = stoi(str);
            isnumber = true;
        }
        return;
    }
    
    TreeNode* help(stringstream& ss) {
        bool isnumber;
        int val;
        TreeNode *root = nullptr;
        readNext(ss, val, isnumber);
        
        if (isnumber) {
            root = new TreeNode(val);
            root->left = help(ss);
            root->right = help(ss);
        }
        return root;
    }
    
    // Encodes a tree to a single string.
    string _serialize(TreeNode* root) {
        if (root == nullptr) return "# ";
        else return to_string(root->val) + " " + _serialize(root->left) + _serialize(root->right);
    }
    
public:
    
    // Encodes a tree to a single string.
    string serialize(TreeNode* root) {
        string serialized_data = _serialize(root);
        return serialized_data;
    }
    
    // Decodes your encoded data to tree.
    TreeNode* deserialize(string data) {
        stringstream ss(data);
        return help(ss);
    }
};

Solution 2:

  • Write 4 bytes for each integer.

  • Write a 'Y' or 'N' for each node. No separator is need.

class Codec {
    
    void preorderDFS(TreeNode* root, string& serialized_data) {
        if (root == nullptr) {
            serialized_data.push_back('Y');
            return;
        }
        serialized_data.push_back('N');
        char buf[4];
        memcpy(buf, &(root->val), sizeof(int));
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) serialized_data.push_back(buf[i]);
        preorderDFS(root->left, serialized_data);
        preorderDFS(root->right, serialized_data);
    }
    
    inline TreeNode* reconstruct(const string& buffer, int& pos) {
        if (pos >= buffer.size()) return nullptr;
        
        char indicator = buffer[pos];
        pos++;
        
        if (indicator == 'Y') {
            return nullptr;
        }
        
        int value;
        memcpy(&value, &buffer[pos], sizeof(int));
        
        TreeNode* node = new TreeNode(value);
        pos += sizeof(int);
        node->left = reconstruct(buffer, pos);
        node->right = reconstruct(buffer, pos);
        return node;
    }
    
public:
    
    // Encodes a tree to a single string.
    string serialize(TreeNode* root) {
        string serialized_data;
        preorderDFS(root, serialized_data);
        return serialized_data;
    }
    
    // Decodes your encoded data to tree.
    TreeNode* deserialize(string data) {
        int pos = 0;
        return reconstruct(data, pos);
    }
};

English Version in Youtube
中文版解答Youtube Link
中文版解答Bilibili Link
how LeetCode serializes a binary tree